test: Migrate unit tests to gtest, integrate with CI (#2144)

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -102,6 +102,33 @@ jobs:
           path: .pio/build/default/firmware.bin
           if-no-files-found: error
 
+  unit-tests:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+
+      - name: Install build tools
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y cmake ninja-build
+
+      - name: Cache googletest source
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: build/test/_deps/googletest-src
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-googletest-${{ hashFiles('test/CMakeLists.txt') }}
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -S test -B build/test -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build/test
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: ctest --test-dir build/test --output-on-failure -j
+
   # This job is used as the PR required actions check, allows for changes to other steps in the future without breaking
   # PR requirements.
   test-status:
@@ -110,6 +137,7 @@ jobs:
       - build
       - clang-format
       - cppcheck
+      - unit-tests
     if: always()
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps: